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Pakistani Culture

References

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All research and editorial content is developed and curated by ÐßÐßÊÓÆµ. Read about our process.

The primary authors of this profile were Nina Evason, Iti Memon & Humaira Gul Saeed, originally published in 2016.


  • Akbar Notezai, M. (2016, August 12). The Dilemma of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy. The Diplomat.
  • Armstrong, K. (2011). A Letter to Pakistan. Oxford University Press.
  • Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2017). Census 2016, Country of Birth of Person by Sex (SA2+) [Data set].
  • Baloch, T. (2019, April 30). Sufi Orders in Pakistan. Katehon.
  • Brehmer, M. (2022, September 8). The land of the Sufis. Qantara.de.
  • Bughio, M. (2014). Determining the Status and Use of Languages Spoken in Pakistan. Sustainable Multilingualism, 4, 46-56.
  • Burki, S. J., Ziring, L., & The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2017). Pakistan. Encyclopaedia Britannica
  • Central Intelligence Agency. (2024, May). The World Factbook: Pakistan.
  • Commisceo Global. (2022). Pakistan Guide.
  • Debenham, L. (2020, February 10). Etiquette in Pakistan. Travel Etiquette.
  • Department of Home Affairs. (2018). Pakistan-born: Community Information Summary. Commonwealth of Australia.
  • Department of Immigration and Border Protection. (2016). Country Profile - Pakistan.
  • Gilbert, P., Gilbert, J., & Sanghera, J. (2004). A focus group exploration of the impact of izzat, shame, subordination and entrapment on mental health and service use in South Asian women living in Derby. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 7(2), 109–130.
  • Global Affairs Canada. (2014). Cultural Information - Pakistan. https://www.international.gc.ca/cil-cai/country_insights-apercus_pays/ci-ic_pk.aspx?lang=eng#cn-1
  • Hays, J. (2024, April). Sufis In Pakistan. Facts and Details.
  • Hussain, R. (1999). Community perceptions of reasons for preference for consanguineous marriages in Pakistan. Journal of Biosocial Science, 31(4), 449–461.
  • Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. (2015, July 5). Pakistan: Situation and treatment of Muhajirs, particularly in Lahore, Islamabad and Faisalabad. European Country of Origin Information Network.
  • International Marketing Advisor. (2015). Business Etiquette, Language & Culture. Doing Business in Pakistan.
  • Iqbal, M. (2016). The Long Term Settlement of the Pakistani Migrants in Australia: Education, Employment, Income and English Language Profiles [Research Paper]. RMIT School of Global, Urban and Social Studies.
  • Mehmood, I., Gilani, M, & Shahani, S. (2022, May). Global Repository of Muslim Family Laws: Pakistan. Musawah.
  • Minority Rights Group. (2019, June). Pakistan.
  • Minority Rights Group. (2018, June). Shi’a and Hazaras in Pakistan.
  • Minority Rights Group. (2022, September). Ahmaddiyas in Pakistan.
  • Mittmann, K., & Ihsan, Z. (1998). Culture Shock! Pakistan: A Guide to Customs and Etiquette. Kuperard Ltd.
  • Office of International Religious Freedom. (2022). 2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Pakistan. U.S. Department of State.
  • Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. (2016). Population by Religion [Data set].
  • Abdullah, A. (2009). The People and the Land of Sindh - Historical Perspective. Sani Hussain Panhwar.
  • Pew Research Center. (2012, August 9). The World’s Muslims: Unity and Diversity. Pew Research Center’s Forum on Religion & Public Life.
  • Rahman, T. (1996). Language and Politics of Pakistan Karachi (1st ed.). Oxford University Press.
  • Rieck, A. T. (2018). The Shias of Pakistan: An Assertive and Beleaguered Minority. Hurst Publishers.
  • Transparency International. (2024). Corruption Perceptions Index: Pakistan.

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